驱蚊香草的组织培养技术

利用驱蚊香草茎段进行组织培养,研究了添加在培养基中不同激素组成、浓度、培养条件等因素对不定芽诱导、继代增殖、防止玻璃化以及生根的影响.结果表明:适于驱蚊香草不定芽诱导的培养基为MS 6-BA1.5 mg/L NAA0.05 mg/L,适于继代增值的培养基为MS 6-BA1.5 mg/L NAA0.05mg/L,适于生根的培养基为配方为1/2MS IBA0.5mg/L NAA0.1 mg/L;用透气设施的封口材料明显地降低驱蚊香草的玻璃化;基质培养基生根优于琼脂培养基.     

库尔勒香梨砧木组织培养

试验选用库尔勒香梨矮化中间砧S系、F系中的品种嫩茎尖作为试验材料进行了离体增殖研究,结果表明,不同种类的基本培养基及不同浓度配比的植物生长调节剂对试管苗增殖的效果不同。M S培养基较A S、B5培养基更有利于矮化砧S系、F系茎的增殖,中等浓度的细胞分裂素(BA)与较低浓度的生长素(IBA)、赤霉素(GA3)配合使用效果更理想。综合茎质量、茎数量等指标认为:M S BA 1.0 m g/L IBA 0.05 m g/L GA31.0 m g/L是矮化砧S系、F系试管苗茎增殖的最佳培养基。     

生物入侵对生物多样性的影响

外来生物入侵是生境破坏之后严重影响生物多样性的第二大威胁因素。介绍了国内外对生物入侵的研究现状；生物入侵的途径以及入侵成功的原因分析。虽然历史上有不少外来生物曾经为人类造福，然而外来生物入侵给人类和环境造成了巨大的损失。据此提出了减少外来物种入侵威胁的建议。     

红叶石楠组培苗瓶外生根技术研究

以苗龄为40 d的红叶石楠组培继代芽苗为瓶外生根试验材料,采用多因素正交试验设计研究不同栽培基质、不同激素、不同激素浓度处理及处理时间对红叶石楠继代芽苗瓶外生根诱导的影响,继代芽苗扦插前的不同炼苗方式及扦插后施肥方式对芽苗瓶外生根率的影响。结果表明:A3B1C3D2组合(珍珠岩、生根粉ABT 200 mg.L-1浸泡处理30 min)获得59%瓶外生根率,而A3B1C1D2(珍珠岩、ABT 50 mg.L-1浸泡处理30 min)为最理想的组合;芽苗在自然散射光下炼苗15~20 d,生根率可提高到81%;栽后适时追施营养液有利于芽苗的高生长。继代芽苗瓶外生根技术的应用减少组培苗培养工序,促进红叶石楠的组培快繁效率,降低组培苗的生产成本。     

Configuration and development of root systems of cuttings and seedlings of Eucalyptus globulus

Stem cuttings of Eucalyptus globulus are used within tree improvement programs and for mass deployment. To be successful, cuttings must perform as well or better than seedlings. The root systems of cuttings are fundamentally different from those of seedlings. If these differences influence growth, the differences and their consequences must be identified and the propagation system manipulated to improve performance of the propagules.Cuttings are only a viable alternative to seedlings as planting stock if the method of propagation does not affect their growth and development adversely. Full-sibling cuttings and seedlings of Eucalyptus globulus were compared under controlled environmental conditions to minimise extraneous sources of variation, and to establish whether changes in growth or development were induced by propagation. On three occasions over a period of eight weeks root-collar diameter, shoot height, leaf and stem weight, shoot/root ratios and root system morphology were measured on cuttings and seedlings. Seedlings were taller than cuttings throughout the experiment, but both plant types had similar height growth rates. Diameter growth rates were lower in cuttings than seedlings, and there were differences in both height and diameter growth rates between families. Root system configuration differed between the plant types. Seedlings had strongly gravitropic tap-roots, with two types of primary roots from which secondary roots emerged. Cuttings had no tap roots, and the main structural components of their root systems were adventitious roots formed during propagation. Cuttings did not develop further structural roots during the experiment, whereas seedlings continued to develop primary roots. Individual primary roots of cuttings were longer and had larger mid-point diameters than those of seedlings, but the total length of primary roots was greater in seedlings. Seedlings also had a greater number and total length of secondary roots. Shoot/root ratios, calculated from a range of functional measures, were higher in cuttings than seedlings.     

改进马尾松育苗方法的试验

对马尾松采用控制苗木密度、芽苗截根移栽和接种菌根菌等技术进行育苗试验，结果表明：苗木密度应控制在１５０株／ｍ２，芽苗截根以保留主根长度１／２为宜；采用厚环乳牛肝菌进行人工接种效果较好。     

优良保健树大叶冬青组培扩繁的研究

以大叶冬青具节茎段芽体增殖产生试管苗,适宜培养基为MS 1．Oμmol NAA 8．8μmol BA或MS 1．0μmol NAA 9．1μmolZT;幼叶外植体诱导的愈伤组织块转培于WPM 5．Oμmol TDZ 3.Oμmol IAA培养基上,能产生较多不定芽苗(每一愈伤组织块平均产生11．2株);BA对大叶冬青外植体不定芽的处理能产生较好的增殖系数与高生长;试管苗适宜生根处理为：1／4KS 1．Oμmol NAA(或 1．Oμmol IBA);室外移栽成活率达90％。     

昆明市西山区苹果的开花生物学特性与果实品质

对昆明市西山区大河果园主要苹果品种的开花生物学与果实品质进行调查研究,结果表明:花芽能顺利完成分化,乔纳金花芽分化要比红富士早,红富士的花芽坏死率为6.3%;各品种花期不一致,持续时间较长,约为20 d;各品种的果个不大,金冠果形指数为0.91~0.94、红富士为0.83~0.84;金冠苹果7月底时其成熟度和糖酸比都较低,应适当推迟采收期,红富士品种的成熟度和糖酸比在9月底达到较好的水平,可根据需要适时采收。     

雷竹竹鞭侧芽分化过程中蛋白质和游离氨基酸的变化

雷竹竹鞭侧芽分化进程中,蛋白质和氨基酸总量,在侧芽分化前期和初期较多,而尚未分化和分化后期的侧芽均有减少;不同鞭龄的侧芽,蛋白质与氨基酸总量,以2～3年生竹鞭侧芽为多,随鞭龄发育成熟,这二类物质呈曲线相关;侧芽分化进程中,有16种氨基酸含量,以苏氨酸最多;蛋白质和氨基酸含量水平与侧芽分化数量相平行。     

茶花无性繁殖实践经验小结

通过对茶花进行插穗、插叶芽、嫁接幼芽、大树嫁接换冠四种无性繁殖试验,扦插繁殖成苗率分别为80.8%、48.1%,嫁接繁殖成活率分别为85.3%、90%,表明叶芽繁殖不易控制,成苗率较低;大树嫁接换冠繁殖的成活率较高;嫁接繁殖比扦插更具优势。